| Most common failures | No# failures |
|---|
| Parking brake: efficiency below requirements |3.7.B.7| | 22 |
| Windscreen wiper does not clear the windscreen effectively | 15 |
| Rear parking brake recording little or no effort | 14 |
| Horn not working |1.6.2a| | 11 |
| Offside Stop lamp not working |1.2.1b| | 9 |
| Registration plate lamp issues | 9 |
| Headlamp aim out of alignment | 8 |
| Nearside Rear Suspension spring mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 8 |
| Nearside Headlamp not working on dipped beam |1.7.5a| | 7 |
| Parking brake: efficiency below requirements |3.7.C.1b| | 6 |
| Nearside front brake binding |3.7.B.1| | 5 |
| Brake pipe excessively corroded | 5 |
| Offside Rear Suspension spring mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 5 |
| Offside Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 5 |
| Nearside Stop lamp not working |1.2.1b| | 5 |
| Nearside Front position lamp|s| not working |1.1.A.3b| | 5 |
| Nearside Rear Stop lamp not working |1.2.1b| | 4 |
| Registration plate issues | 4 |
| Offside Headlamp not working on dipped beam |1.7.5a| | 4 |
| Offside Headlamp not working on main beam |1.7.5a| | 4 |
| Nearside Seat belt anchorage prescribed area is excessively corroded |5.2.6| | 4 |
| Offside Front position lamp|s| not working |1.1.A.3b| | 4 |
| Nearside Front suspension has excessive play in a lower suspension ball joint |2.5.B.1a| | 4 |
| Offside front brake binding |3.7.B.1| | 4 |
| Brakes imbalanced across an axle | 3 |
| Service brake: efficiency below requirements |3.7.C.1a| | 3 |
| Steering column top bearing excessively worn |2.1.2c| | 3 |
| Offside Rear Stop lamp not working |1.2.1b| | 3 |
| Rear Stop lamp not working |1.2.1b| | 3 |
| Nearside Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Nearside Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Offside Front Lower Suspension arm has excessive play in a ball joint |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Nearside Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 3 |
| Offside Front Subframe mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 3 |
| Rear brake binding | 3 |
| Service brake: efficiency below requirements |3.7.B.7| | 3 |
| Nearside Rear Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 3 |
| Steering system has excessive free play detected at the steering wheel |steering box fitted| |2.2.A.1a| | 3 |
| Nearside Front Sub-frame attachment rubber mounting deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Offside Front Sub-frame attachment rubber mounting deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Steering box has relative movement between sector shaft and the drop arm |2.2.B.1b| | 3 |
| Offside Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Fuel cap/sealing device missing |7.2.4a| | 3 |
| Offside Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 3 |
| Stop lamp remains on when the brakes are released | 2 |
| Nearside Rear Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Body or chassis has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 2 |
| Offside Rear Body or chassis has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 2 |
| Brake hose has insufficient room to move | 2 |
| Nearside Outer Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 2 |
| Offside Inner Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 2 |
| Lower Steering column universal joint insecure |2.1.5| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Lower Suspension arm has excessive play in a ball joint |2.4.G.2| | 2 |
| Rear Exhaust system not adequately supported |7.1.1| | 2 |
| Front Windscreen wiper not operating automatically when switched on |8.2.1b| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 2 |
| Offside Seat belt anchorage prescribed area is excessively corroded |5.2.6| | 2 |
| Steering column universal joint insecure |2.1.5| | 2 |
| Bonnet cannot be secured in the closed position |8.4.1| | 2 |
| Nearside Track rod end ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 2 |
| Rear Mechanical brake component has restricted free movement | 2 |
| Exhaust has a major leak of exhaust gases |7.1.2| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Position lamp not working (4.2.1 (a) (ii)) | 2 |
| Offside Drag link end ball pin shank loose |2.2.B.1c| | 2 |
| Driver`s seat insecure |6.2.A.1| | 2 |
| Steering system excessively tight |2.2.D.1| | 2 |
| Offside Steering pivot point has excessive play |2.2.B.1g| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Upper Front suspension ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 2 |
| Nearside Headlamp not working on main beam |1.7.5a| | 2 |
| Offside Rear position lamp|s| not working |1.1.A.3b| | 2 |
| Offside Track rod end ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 2 |
| Offside Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 2 |
| Offside Front Hydraulic brake calliper leaking |1.1.16 |b| |i|| | 2 |
| Offside Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover missing |2.4.G.2| | 2 |
| Offside Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 2 |
| Nearside Parking brake inoperative on one side |1.4.1 |a|| | 2 |
| Offside Drag link end ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 2 |
| Nearside Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover insecure so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 2 |
| Brake performance not tested |3.7.A.1| | 1 |
| Front brake caliper has restricted free movement |3.5.1k| | 1 |
| Rear brake caliper has restricted free movement |3.5.1k| | 1 |
| Offside Rear passenger door cannot be opened from outside the vehicle |6.2.B.1c| | 1 |
| Power steering malfunctioning |2.3.3a| | 1 |
| Windscreen wiper not operating automatically when switched on |8.2.1b| | 1 |
| Fuel system component leaking |7.2.3| | 1 |
| Offside Front Front wheel bearing has excessive play |2.5.A.3c| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Front Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Offside Inner Rear Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion which adversely affects braking or steering |6.1.A.1| | 1 |
| Offside Inner Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion which adversely affects braking or steering |6.1.A.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Lower Seat belt anchorage prescribed area is excessively corroded |5.2.6| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Front Upper Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Offside Inner Front Upper Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Offside Rear position lamp|s| adversely affected by the operation of another lamp |1.1.A.3f| | 1 |
| Battery insecure |1.9.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Front Brake pipe inadequately clipped |3.6.B.1| | 1 |
| Rear Brake cable locking device insecure |3.5.1l| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Brake pipe fouled by moving parts |3.6.B.2a| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Brake pipe excessively damaged |3.6.B.2c| | 1 |
| Indicator tell tale inoperative |1.4.A.2a| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Anti-roll bar has excessive play in a pin/bush |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Lower Suspension arm has excessive play in a pin/bush |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Exhaust emits excessive dense blue smoke during acceleration |7.3.A.2c| | 1 |
| Brake pipe leaking front to rear |3.6.A.1| | 1 |
| Horn control missing |1.6.1| | 1 |
| Steering wheel locking device insecure |2.1.6| | 1 |
| Offside Front Windscreen wiper not operating over a large enough area to give an adequate view |8.2.1c| | 1 |
| Front Brake hose kinked |3.6.B.4b| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Brake pipe inadequately clipped |3.6.B.1| | 1 |
| Centre Brake pipe inadequately clipped |3.6.B.1| | 1 |
| Steering column shaft retaining device insecure |2.1.6| | 1 |
| Offside Rear brake disc excessively pitted |3.5.1h| | 1 |
| rear parking |secondary| brakes imbalanced | 1 |
| Nearside Front Front wheel bearing has excessive play |2.5.A.3c| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Direction indicator not working |1.4.A.2c| | 1 |
| Offside Seat belt anchorage prescribed area is excessively corroded inner sill |5.2.6| | 1 |
| Rear Fuel pipe leaking |7.2.3| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 1 |
| Offside rear brake recording little or no effort |3.7.B.5a| | 1 |
| Brake servo leaking |3.6.C.1c| | 1 |
| Direction indicators not working |1.4.A.2c| | 1 |
| Nearside Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 1 |
| Offside passenger door cannot be opened from outside the vehicle |6.2.B.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Front Position lamp not working (4.2.1 (a) (ii)) | 1 |
| Nearside Front Shock absorber has an excessively worn bush |2.7.4| | 1 |
| Centre Exhaust has a major leak of exhaust gases |7.1.2| | 1 |
| Brake back plate|s| securing device excessively deteriorated |3.5.1j| | 1 |
| Front Body or chassis has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Front wheel bearing rough when rotated |2.5.A.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Direction indicator not working |1.4.A.2c| | 1 |
| Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Service brake indicates brake bind |3.7.D.2a| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Anti-roll bar rubber bush deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Subframe mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Front Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Anti-roll bar attachment bracket modified and seriously weakened |2.4.A.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Inner Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded sill |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Inner Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded corner |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| All position lamps not working |1.1.A.3b| | 1 |
| Offside Front Brake pipe excessively damaged |3.6.B.2c| | 1 |
| Offside Front Anti-roll bar rubber mounting deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Steering pivot point has excessive play |2.2.B.1g| | 1 |
| Offside Front Driver`s door does not latch securely closed |6.2.B.1a| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Torsion bar attachment bracket cracked |2.4.E.4b| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion which adversely affects braking or steering |6.1.A.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Passenger`s seat insecure |6.2.A.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Drag link end ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 1 |
| Nearside Outer Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Outer Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Outer Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Outer Front Lower Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Braking system leaking |3.6.A.1| | 1 |
| Rear Exhaust has a major leak of exhaust gases |7.1.2| | 1 |
| Steering wheel retaining device insecure |2.1.6| | 1 |
| Nearside Steering locking device insecure |2.2.C.1g| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Wheel nut|s| loose |4.2.A.1e| | 1 |
| Offside Front Wheel nut|s| loose |4.2.A.1e| | 1 |
| Offside Front Steering system fouling |2.2.D.2a| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Brake pipe inadequately supported |3.6.B.1| | 1 |
| Front Drag link end ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Suspension spring mounting prescribed area is inadequately repaired |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Brake pedal anti-slip provision worn smooth |3.3.A.1b| | 1 |
| Offside Front Ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 1 |
| Front wheel bearing has excessive play |2.5.A.3c| | 1 |
| Offside Front suspension has excessive play in a lower suspension ball joint |2.5.B.1a| | 1 |
| Offside Front Upper Front suspension ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Lower Front suspension ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Lower Front suspension ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Seat belt locking mechanism does not secure or release |5.2.5a| | 1 |
| Nearside Direction indicators not working |1.4.A.2c| | 1 |
| Offside Front Upper Suspension arm has excessive play in a ball joint |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front front brake binding |3.7.B.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Upper Front suspension ball joint dust cover missing |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Upper Front suspension ball joint dust cover missing |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Seat belt has a cut which has significantly weakened the webbing |5.2.2a| | 1 |
| Front Front position lamp|s| has less than 50% of the light sources illuminating both |1.1.A.3b| | 1 |
| Brake hydraulic reservoir fluid level below minimum level |3.6.G.1b| | 1 |
| Brake pedal creeps down when held under pressure |3.3.B.1a| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Service brake excessively binding (1.2.1 (f)) | 1 |
| Driver`s door cannot be opened from inside the vehicle |6.2.B.1b| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear position lamp|s| not working |1.1.A.3b| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Wheel nut|s| missing |4.2.A.1e| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Wheel nut|s| missing |4.2.A.1e| | 1 |
| Offside Front Wheel nut|s| missing |4.2.A.1e| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Wheel nut|s| missing |4.2.A.1e| | 1 |
| Rear Exhaust has a part missing |7.1.1a| | 1 |
| Body insecure and dangerous to other road users |6.1.B.1b| | 1 |
| Nearside Stop lamp adversely affected by the operation of another lamp |1.2.1f| | 1 |
| Nearside Inner Seat belt anchorage prescribed area is excessively corroded |5.2.6| | 1 |
| Offside Front Body or chassis has excessive corrosion, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Suspension arm rubber mounting deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Suspension arm rubber mounting deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Subframe mounting prescribed area is inadequately repaired |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Nearside Front suspension ball joint dust cover insecure so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front front brake binding |3.7.B.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Lower Ball joint dust cover missing |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Lower Ball joint dust cover missing |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Nearside Headlamp does not operate immediately when selected on main beam |1.7.4a| | 1 |
| Nearside Headlamp does not operate immediately when selected on dipped beam |1.7.4a| | 1 |
| Stop lamp not working |1.2.1b| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Body or chassis has an unsatisfactory modification, seriously affecting its strength within 30cm of the body mountings |6.1.B.2| | 1 |
| Brake hydraulic reservoir cap missing |1.1.10 |e|| | 1 |
| Stop lamp|s| all not working |4.3.1 |a| |iii|| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Statutory seat belt missing |5.1.1| | 1 |
| Offside Front Statutory seat belt missing |5.1.1| | 1 |
| Offside Direction indicator flashing less than 60 times a minute |1.4.A.2g| | 1 |
| Offside Rear brake disc contaminated by grease |3.5.1h| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Road wheel spoke bent |4.2.A.1b| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Front position lamp|s| not working |1.1.A.3b| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Lower Ball joint dust cover insecure so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Front Lower Ball joint dust cover insecure so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Front Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Steering box has a significant oil leak |2.2.D.2e| | 1 |
| Offside Track rod end ball joint dust cover missing |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Headlamp aim beam image obviously incorrect |1.8.A.1b| | 1 |
| Front Statutory seat belt missing |5.1.1| | 1 |
| Front brake disc in such a condition that it is seriously weakened | 1 |
| Rear brake disc excessively pitted |3.5.1h| | 1 |
| Rear Parking brake lever has no reserve travel |3.1.6b| | 1 |
| Exhaust engine idle speed too high |7.3.A.2a| | 1 |
| Nearside Front wheel bearing rough when rotated |2.5.A.2| | 1 |
| Offside Rear rear brake recording little or no effort |3.7.B.5a| | 1 |
| Offside Front Drag link end ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 1 |
| Nearside Front suspension has excessive play in a upper suspension ball joint |2.5.B.1a| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Sub-frame attachment bracket/mounting insecure |2.4.G.1| | 1 |
| Offside Inner Seat belt anchorage prescribed area is excessively corroded |5.2.6| | 1 |
| Offside Front Seat belt damaged sufficient to obstruct correct operation of the belt |5.2.2a| | 1 |
| Front Sub-frame attachment bracket/mounting insecure |2.4.G.1| | 1 |
| Front brake application uneven | 1 |
| Offside Rear Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Suspension component mounting prescribed area is inadequately repaired |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Suspension component mounting prescribed area is inadequately repaired |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Parking brake efficiency less than 50% of the required value |1.4.2 |a| |ii|| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Suspension component mounting prescribed area excessively corroded significantly reducing structural strength |5.3.6 |a| |i|| | 1 |
| Offside Parking brake inoperative on one side |1.4.1 |a|| | 1 |
| Stop lamp not working both |1.2.1b| | 1 |
| Offside Front Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion which adversely affects braking or steering |6.1.A.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Vehicle structure has excessive corrosion which adversely affects braking or steering |6.1.A.1| | 1 |
| Parking brake efficiency below requirements |1.4.2 |a| |i|| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Fuel pipe leaking |7.2.3| | 1 |
| Nearside Lower Ball joint has excessive play |2.2.B.1f| | 1 |
| Nearside rear brake recording little or no effort |3.7.B.5a| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Brake hose leaking |3.6.A.1| | 1 |
| Offside Outer Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover excessively damaged so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Upper Suspension arm ball joint dust cover insecure so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Brake fluid warning lamp illuminated |3.6.G.2| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Mechanical brake component locking device missing |3.5.1l| | 1 |
| Offside Front Mechanical brake component locking device missing |3.5.1l| | 1 |
| Nearside Rear Mechanical brake component locking device missing |3.5.1l| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Mechanical brake component locking device missing |3.5.1l| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Leaf spring has a deteriorated anchor pin rubber bush resulting in excessive movement |2.4.B.2| | 1 |
| Upper Front suspension ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Rear Panhard rod attachment bracket/mounting insecure |2.4.G.1| | 1 |
| Front Sub-frame rubber bush deteriorated resulting in excessive movement |2.4.G.2| | 1 |
| Offside Front Suspension component mounting prescribed area is excessively corroded |2.4.A.3| | 1 |
| Offside Front Braking system leaking pipe on caliper |3.6.A.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Anti-roll bar linkage insecure |2.4.G.1| | 1 |
| Rear brake application uneven | 1 |
| Offside Front Direction indicator not working |4.4.1 |a| |ii|| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Exhaust has a major leak of exhaust gases flexi section. |6.1.2 |a|| | 1 |
| Offside Seat belt anchorage prescribed area strength or continuity significantly reduced inner sill |7.1.1 |a| |i|| | 1 |
| Offside Front Anti-roll bar linkage pin or bush likely to become detached broken. |5.3.4 |a| |ii|| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Braking system leaking |3.6.A.1| | 1 |
| Nearside Track rod end ball joint dust cover excessively deteriorated so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |
| Offside Steering arm has relative movement at its fixings |2.2.B.1h| | 1 |
| Nearside Front Track rod end ball joint dust cover insecure so that it no longer prevents the ingress of dirt |2.2.C.1c| | 1 |